Author Archives: inlingua Cheltenham Blog

About inlingua Cheltenham Blog

inlingua Cheltenham was founded in 1990 and has established an excellent reputation for its high quality teaching and fantastic range of English courses! Cheltenham provides an escape from the busy city environment and at inlingua Cheltenham you can enjoy a tranquil, relaxed environment in which to study.

English Idioms

‘Sleeping like a baby’ 

This means to sleep very well.

Make hay while the sun shines’

This expression is used as an encouragement to take advantage of a good situation which may not last.

‘The Bee’s Knees’

To say that someone/something is the bee’s knees means that you think they are exceptionally good.

‘Birds of a feather flock together’

If two people are birds of a feather, they are very similar in many ways, so they naturally spend time together.

‘Kill two birds with one stone’

If you kill two birds with the one stone, you succeed in doing two things at the same time.

‘No spring chicken’

To say that someone is no spring chicken means that they are quite old or well past their youth.

‘Taking candy from a baby’

A way of describing something was very easy

‘As the crow flies’

This expression refers to distance measured in a straight line.

‘Fresh as a daisy’

Someone who is (as) fresh as a daisy is lively and attractive, in a clean and fresh way.

‘On cloud nine’

A person who is on cloud nine is very happy because something wonderful has happened.

‘Full of the joys of spring’

If you are full of the joys of spring, you are happy, enthusiastic and full of energy.

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Speaking Tips for all our FCE Students

GOOD LUCK to our FCE students will take their Speaking exam On Wednesday 13th. Here are some tips for them and others preparing for an FCE Speaking exam:

FCE Speaking Test: Part 1 (Interview) 3 minutes

‘Getting to know you’

  1. Avoid giving short, uncommunicative replies.
  2. Avoid short, ‘yes’, ‘no’ answers to closed questions- ALWAYS expand your answer
  3. Offer examples to help you explain a statement.

FCE Speaking Test: Part 2 (Long Turn) 4 minutes

‘Two photographs’

  1. Listen to the instructions carefully and make sure you know what you have to talk about. If you don’t understand the instructions you should ask the examiner to repeat them: The question will help you with the structure of your talk.
  2. Start with a general summary of the topic:
    ‘These two photographs show people involved in a sport.’
  3. Then move on to a comparison of the two pictures, using words to help explain the comparison
  4. Finally give your opinion with examples, again using signposting words and expressions to help the examiner follow your argument.
  5. Practise making short one-minute talks as often as possible to get an idea for how long 1 minute feels like. Time yourself and ask a friend for feedback.

FCE Speaking Test: Part 3 (Collaborative Task)

‘A set of photographs’

  1. Be prepared to ask your partner for his or her opinion rather than simply stating your own.
  2. Listen carefully to what your partner says and respond to comments he or she makes to help the discussion flow.
  3. Use expressions to allow yourself time to think.
  4. You’ll possibly find you don’t understand something your partner has said. If this happens, take control with simple questions to help you deal positively with the situation. This will also give you the chance to impress the examiner with your communication skills.
    If you don’t understand you partner or you might want to confirm what you think your partner said so you could say something like:
    “Do you mean ……..”
    “When you say …….., are you asking/do you mean ……..?

FCE Speaking Test Part 4: (Discussion)

‘Further discussion on the topic’

  1. Again, as with earlier sections of the test, avoid short, ‘yes’, ‘no’ answers to the examiner’s questions.
  2. Continue to work with your partner. Respond constructively and show interest in things he or she says.

Full details on FCE exam tips and example questions can be found on the Splendid Speaking website here:

http://www.splendid-speaking.com/exams/fce_speaking.html

Also don’t forget you can see examples of the FCE peaking exam on You Tube- here’s a good one:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyFDGGIqXCY

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Work Vocabulary:

retirementRead the text to find out about one British man who never wants to retire. Learn the work vocabulary then check you understand it.

The age of retirement seems to get higher every year. Men and women used to retire in their early sixties and even before. As people are living longer, the retirement age has increased and may keep on going up.

It makes sense that people should work longer if they live to an older age. More people means more taxes are needed to pay for health care, schools etc. However, can a 65 or 70 year old work? If so, what kind of job can they still do?

Jim Clements is a workaholic which is which normal nowadays but he is acentenarian. 100-year-old Jim officially retired over 30 years ago but got bored. The majority of retirees stay at home, do some gardening, watch TV or go travelling. They don’t normally find a new job and go back to work. Jim is different, he works part-timeat a company in South England and does basic administration work like answering the phone, filing and photocopying. He started as a temporary employee but is now a permanent member of staff.

This great-grandfather has no wish to retire, he likes his job and wants to keep busy. He says it helps him to stay fit and healthy and enjoys working with his younger colleagues. In fact, he likes them so much he makes them cups of English tea with milk and sugar.

Jim started working aged 14 and hasn’t really stopped. That means he’s had a job for 86 years and it looks like he may have one for a lot longer. He’s a great example of a hardworking employee and a person who wants to contribute to society. Yet, should companies be hiring or keeping staff who should have retired years ago? It’s an interesting question as there are so many people unemployed at the moment.

Work language

retirement  - the part of your life when you reach 65+ and don’t work
workaholic  - someone who loves working and can’t stop
centenarian   - a person who is 100 years of age
retirees   - people who reached 65 and stopped working
part-time  - not every day like a person who only works 2 days a week
administration  - work involving documents and tasks in an office
filing - when you put documents in folders in an office
photocopying - when you make more duplicates of a document
temporary - only for a short time
permanent - forever
great-grandfather - a person whose grandchildren have children
What do you think about retirement?
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Christmas songs improve English!

Use Christmas songs to help you with your vocabulary!

Listen to this very famous English Christmas song by Wham called ‘Last Christmas’.

Listen to the song first, then read the written lyrics below, then listen to the song again and try to fill in the gaps using the missing words  in green;

Know / do / wrapped / love / bitten / gave / catch / surprise / gave / give / know / save

Song Lyrics:

Last Christmas I ……… you my heart,

The very next day you …………. it away.

This year to ………. me from tears

I’ll ……….. it to someone special.

Once ……… and twice shy

I keep my distance but you still ……….. my eye.

Tell me, baby, …….. you recognize me?

Well,It’s been a year, It doesn’t ……………. me.

Merry Christmas I ………… it up and sent it

With a note saying, I………. you, I meant it.

Now I ……….. what a fool I’ve been.

But if you …………. me now I know you’d fool me again.

Give this a go! It is a fun and festive way to learn your grammar!

wham

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Grammar Lessons

Grammar Lessons

IMPORTANT BUILDING BLOCKS OF GRAMMAR

NOUNS
A noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing.
Examples: King, Mohan, Sarita, Mumbai, Table

PRONOUNS
A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.
Examples: He, She, It, They

ARTICLES
The words ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’ are called articles. They are used before nouns.

VERBS
A verb is a word that describes an action or occurrence or indicates a state of being.
Examples: He talks to Sameer, She sings a song

ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word used to describe a noun.
Examples : Beautiful house, Tall man

ADVERBS
An adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a verb, adjective or another adverb.
Examples: He runs fast,They fought bravely.

PREPOSITIONS
A preposition is a word which shows the relation between the noun or pronoun and other words in the sentence.
Examples: The boy is in the room, The book is on the table.

CONJUNCTIONS 
A conjunction is a word which joins to sentences to complete their meaning.
Examples : They reached the station but it was too late.  He put on his shoes because he was going for a run.

INTERJECTIONS
An interjection is a word which expresses sudden feeling or emotion.
Examples : Hello!, Alas!, Hurray!, Oh!

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?:”PUNCTUATION!/,

Punctuation is a very important aspect of writing; good writing presupposes correct punctuation. Incorrect punctuation is the sign of weak writing, or carelessness. But this sort of thing is eminently avoidable, because punctuation is quite simple to master.

Here are some basic rules to keep in mind:

  1. Every sentence must end with a full stop.
  2. Proper nouns (names of people, places, brands, etc,) must always be capitalised.
  3. When you use opening quotation marks, do not forget to use closing quotation marks at the end of the quoted word or phrase.
  4. Quotation marks are for quoting or sometimes to convey irony, it is not used for emphasis.
  5. Do not use an apostrophe when you are pluralising a word. The plural of toy is toys, not toy’s.
  6. Apostrophes are used to form contractions (it is = it’s) and indicate possession.
  7. As per the rules of British English, any punctuation mark that is not part of a quoted section of text must be placed outside the quotation marks. However, in the case of direct speech, punctuation marks must be enclosed within the quotation marks.
  8. Do not link independent clauses with commas. Independent clauses are groupings of words that can stand alone as sentences. For example, in He knew how to drive, that he didn’t do it very often was a matter more nerves, not inability both the parts before and after the comma are full sentences. In such cases, the comma is not the correct punctuation mark of connection. In needs to be replaced with a semi-colon (‘;’). The sentence becomes: He knew how to drive;that he didn’t do it very often was matter of nerves, not inability. 
  9. Use a comma after the introductory element of a sentence. The introductory element is a word or a phrase that begins a sentence by providing background, or simply modifies it. For example, Honestly I don’t know how I managed to escape is wrong, because the word ‘honestly’ modifies the sentence. Hence, it should be Honestly, I don’t know how I managed to escape.
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SEVEN TIPS FOR ENGLISH LEARNERS

(As recommended by the British Council)

You can become a very successful learner of English if you follow some basic rules. 

1. Relax and enjoy speaking

When you use English, don’t worry about making mistakes. The chances are you will always make small mistakes when speaking a foreign language. The important thing is to learn from the mistakes you make. Babies don’t learn to walk without falling over a lot!

2. Learn about how you learn

Recent research has shown that many of us have a preferred way of learning. If you are a visual learner, you can link language to pictures and images. Watch films with subtitles, try to visualise yourself in imaginary situations speaking English, fix words with pictures in your mind  If you have an auditory style, you have a ‘good ear’ for language and should listen to as much music as possible and watch films in English. If you have an analytic style, then spend time studying grammar and comparing Vietnamese with English. A learner with an interactive style needs to spend as much time as possible speaking with others, discussing language and generally working in a team. A really good learner spends time on all these styles. Yet it is a sad fact that all over the world, many people are still taught in a traditional style that favours analytic and auditory learners.

3. Learn memory techniques

There are plenty of books on how to improve your memory. It is a skill that the successful learners I know take very seriously.

4. Immerse yourself

When I was studying for my French exams at school  I used to leave myself small pieces of yellow paper called post-it notes around my house! So every time I went to the kitchen to make a cup of tea, to the bathroom to brush, do my make up or in my bedroom to get dressed I looked at those words. Again and again and again. Once the word was fixed in my mind,  I put the paper into a file that I would look through at the end of the week. This way, I learnt 10 words a day, seven days a week.  So read, listen and speak English at every opportunity! The best musicians and football players practise their skill over and over. The skill of communicating in a foreign language is the same.

5. Get Connected

The internet has brought so many benefits to language learners. You can find great sites for practising grammar, vocabulary, listening, pronunciation and now, most importantly of all, speaking.

6. Learn Vocabulary systematically

Remember that learning English is not just about learning grammar. When we speak, we express most of our ideas through our choice of vocabulary, through collocations and fixed expressions. Think carefully about how you organise your notebook, don’t just write a long list of new words!

7. Get motivated: don’t put off until tomorrow, what you can do today.

Motivate yourself and set goals or targets for yourself,. For example give yourself a time limit to reach a certain level and reward yourself when you do this. i.e have you seen a nice pair of shoes you want to buy? Well give your self a target to reach and when you do celebrate and treat yourself to those shoes. Even the satisfaction of your success can be reward enough!

 

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American English Vrs British English

British English/American English Vocabulary 

Learning English is difficult as it is a fairly complex language and I know as a student there are a lot of words to remember. And when you get told to watch television and read books to improve your language this can sometimes make the task harder as television will expose you to American English. There are many similarities but also a lot of differences as words such as ‘chips’ which here in the UK refer to the yummy, greasy way a potato is cooked and quite often comes with fish, however across the pond in the big U S of A it means a packet of crisps. They call chips ‘fries’.

Here are some of the differences in vocabulary between British and American English. This page is intended as a guide only. Bear in mind that there can be differences in the choice of specific terms depending on dialect and region within both the USA and the UK.

English                             American
Autumn                               fall

Barrister                              attorney

Bill                                          bill, check

Biscuit                                   cookie

(Car) bumper                     fender

Block of flats                      apartment

Caravan                                trailer

Car park                               parking lot

Chemist                               drugstore,

Chips                                     fries, French fries

The cinema                         the movies
Crisps                                    potato chips
Baby’s Dummy                  pacifier

Dustbin                                garbage can, trash can

Dustman                              garbage collector
Handbag                              Purse

Holiday                                Vacation

Jam                                        Jelly

Trousers                              Pants

Rubber                                 Eraser

Shops                                    Store

Solicitor                                Attorney

Petrol                                    Gas

Torch                                     Flashlight

Tube                                      Subway

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To be or not to be! How to use the verb correctly…

Using the Verb “To be”
Write the correct form of the verb “To be” in present tense.

Example 1: I (be),  am happy

1) I (be) _____ tired.

2) I (be) _____ hungry.

3) I (be) _____ late

 

 

Example 2: He / She / It (be) is happy

4) He (be) _____ cool.

5) She (be) _____ pretty.

6) It (be) _____ fast.

Example 3: You / We / They (be) are happy.

7) You (be) _____ nice.

8) We (be) _____ sleepy.

9) They (be) _____ funny.

Now we’ll use nouns instead of pronouns…

10) John (be) _____ excited.

11) Tiffany and Uma (be) _____my friends.

12) Ricardo, John and I (be) _____ watching a movie.

13) Hadil (be) _____ kind.

14) Alisa (be) _____ young.

15) The hammer (be) _____ new.

16) My mother and father (be) _____ cooking dinner.

17) Rachel (be) _____ driving to school.

18) Nikkos and Billy (be) _____ playing at the park.

19) The students (be) _____ studying English.

20) The test (be) _____ hard!

21) My best friend (be) _____ coming to my house

Have a go at the tasks above and test your use of the verb “to be”. Comment your answers below or email us at service@inlingua-cheltenham.co.uk and your mark will be emailed back to you. 

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Spelling Rules:

Writing (and therefore spelling) is a representation of the spoken word. The spoken word is not a representation of writing. Because accents and pronunciation can change easily and quite quickly, whereas what is written in books and dictionaries remains “fixed” for years, as well as for various historical reasons, there is often little correspondence between spoken English (pronunciation) and written English (spelling).

English spelling therefore often appears to be totally illogical. The following rules can help you to decode the mysteries of English spelling. But remember, even the best rules have their exceptions.

  • Adding  -er/-est: quick, quicker, quickest, /  happy, happier, happiest / hot, hotter, hottest…

  • Adding -ing/-ed: work, working, worked /  stop, stopping, stopped…

  • Adding -ly: loud, loudly /  happy, happily/ terrible, terribly…

  • Adding -s: dog, dogs /  church, churches/ wife, wives…

  • -ible or -able: accessible /  visible / dependable / networkable…

  • -ie- or -ei-: friend / fiend/ feint / freight…

    If you have any questions about spelling please let us know and we will ask one of our English teachers to give you some advice.
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